Knowledge and Preventive Measures of Bed Bug Infestation among Undergraduate Hostel Students in Abia State University, Uturu, Nigeria
Uka-Kalu, Ezinne Chioma *
Department of Public Health, Abia State University, Uturu, Nigeria.
Chukwudi, Chioma Stephanie
Department of Public Health, Abia State University, Uturu, Nigeria.
Ezejindu, Cosmas Nnadozie
Department of Public Health, Abia State University, Uturu, Nigeria.
*Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Abstract
Background: The global resurgence of bed bug infestations has been well-documented across diverse geographical regions and socioeconomic settings, with notable increases reported in urban environments, hospitality industries, and residential communities since the late 1990s. Bed bug infestations have re-emerged globally as a significant public health challenge, with student populations in high-density housing being particularly vulnerable.
Aim: This study assessed the knowledge and preventive measures of bed bug infestation among undergraduate hostel students at Abia State University, Uturu, Nigeria.
Methodology: A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted among 396 students selected from three hostels (Hostel A-male, Hostel C-female, and Abiola Hostel-mixed) using multi-stage sampling. Data were collected using a structured questionnaire and analysed using descriptive statistics and chi-square tests at p<0.05 significance level.
Results: The majority of respondents (80.3%) had heard about bed bugs, but only 10.6% could correctly identify an adult bed bug. Overall, 29.0% had poor knowledge, 43.7% had fair knowledge, and only 7.6% had good knowledge. Regarding preventive practices, 35.1% always inspected luggage after holidays, 24.7% conducted monthly bed inspections, and 71.6% would report suspected infestations to authorities. Overall, 13.4% had poor practices, 40.7% fair practices, and 26.3% good practices. The main barrier to reporting was fear of stigma (29.8%). Over one-third (36.9%) had experienced bed bug infestations in their hostels. The number of room occupants was significantly associated with knowledge level (p=0.023), but no factors were significantly associated with preventive practices or infestation experience. Notably, even students with good practices experienced infestations at 34.6%, highlighting the limits of individual prevention.
Conclusion: The study concludes that bed bug infestation is a significant problem at ABSU, with inadequate knowledge, suboptimal practices, and multiple barriers to reporting. Comprehensive institutional interventions including integrated pest management, anti-stigma campaigns, clear reporting protocols, and mandatory student education are urgently recommended.
Keywords: Bed bug infestation, hostel accommodation, high-density housing, reporting behaviour, integrated pest management.