Changes in Markers of Metabolic Disorder among Patients with Prostate Cancer Attending Oncology Clinic at Federal University Teaching Hospital, Owerri
Mgbeosuru Benson
Department of Medical Laboratory Science, Imo State University Owerri, Nigeria.
Nwanjo Harrison U.
Department of Medical Laboratory Science, Imo State University Owerri, Nigeria.
Nwadike Constance N. *
Department of Medical Laboratory Science, Imo State University Owerri, Nigeria.
Nwachukwu Uchenna C.
Department of Medical Laboratory Science, Imo State University Owerri, Nigeria.
Gilbert Ifechukwu P.
Department of Medical Laboratory Science, Imo State University Owerri, Nigeria.
Oko Oluebube M.
Department of Medical Laboratory Science, Imo State University Owerri, Nigeria.
Mbarah Ifunanya E.
Department of Medical Laboratory Science, Imo State University Owerri, Nigeria.
Arinzechi Ekpereamaka G.
Department of Medical Laboratory Science, Imo State University Owerri, Nigeria.
Ogbuokiri Arnold C.
Obstetrics and Gynaecology Department, Nnamdi Azikiwe Teaching Hospital Nnewi, Anambra State, Nigeria.
Imakwu Icha Innocent
Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, David Umahi Federal University of Health Sciences, Uburu Ebonyi State, Nigeria.
*Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Abstract
Background: Prostate cancer stands as one of the most prevalent and clinically significant malignancies affecting aging males worldwide, with mounting evidence linking its onset and progression to profound molecular alterations characterized by chronic systemic multifactorial metabolic disturbances.
Objective: This study aimed to evaluate selected markers of metabolic derangement in prostate cancer patients attending the Oncology Clinic at Federal University Teaching Hospital, Owerri, Imo State.
Methodology: A total of one hundred (100) participants were recruited, comprising fifty (50) c prostate cancer patients and fifty (50) apparently healthy age-matched male controls. Metabolic markers including (Total Cholesterol, triglycerides, LDL-C, HDL-C, glycosylated hemoglobin, Leptin, and Adiponectin, and Insulin, were quantified using standard biochemical methods; (enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), immunoturbidimetric method). Data were analyzed using SPSS version 21.0 and expressed as mean ± standard deviation (SD). A P-value less than 0.05 (P < 0.05) was considered statistically significant.
Result: Results showed prostate cancer (PCa) patients exhibited significantly elevated levels of Total Cholesterol (244.32 ± 30.16 mg/dL), Triglycerides (174.07 ± 19.57 mg/dL), LDL-C (171.43 ± 16.63 mg/dL), Insulin (16.82 ± 3.44 µIU/mL), Leptin (8.84 ± 3.07 ng/mL), and Adiponectin (17.73 ± 1.77 ng/mL) compared to healthy controls (P < 0.001). Conversely, HDL-C was significantly lower (38.43 ± 4.59 mg/dL vs. 52.47 ± 4.79 mg/dL), and HbA1c was markedly increased in PCa patients (12.30 ± 1.97%) versus controls (4.04 ± 0.44%) (P = 0.0001). SBP and DBP were significantly elevated in PCa patients versus controls (P < 0.0001), while BMI showed no significant difference (P > 0.05).
Conclusion: The study demonstrated marked metabolic derangement, characterized by Dyslipidaemia, hyperinsulinaemia and poor glycaemic control. These alterations underscores the role of metabolic disorder in the pathogenesis of prostate cancer. Additionally, the dyslipidemia observed in the patients may contribute to cardiovascular complications, with poor clinical outcomes.
Keywords: Prostate cancer, metabolic disorder, oncology, glycaemic control